Life: Korea

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Dokdo, Korea

📜 Historical Evidence

Samguk Sagi (1145) & Samguk Yusa (1285): Records state that in 512 AD, General Isabu of Silla incorporated Usan-guk (which included Ulleungdo and Dokdo) into Korean territory.

Sejong Sillok Jiriji (1454): Explicitly notes that Ulleungdo and Dokdo belong to Uljin-hyeon, Gangwon Province.

Dongguk Yeoji Seungnam (1481) & Sinjeung Dongguk Yeoji Seungnam (1531): List Dokdo (then called Usando) alongside Ulleungdo as Korean territory.

An Yong-bok Incident (1693–1696): A Korean fisherman secured a pledge from Japanese officials that they would not trespass on Ulleungdo and Dokdo.

⚖️ Legal and Administrative Basis

Imperial Ordinance No. 41 (1900): The Korean Empire formally declared Ulleungdo’s jurisdiction to include “Seokdo” (Dokdo).

Post-1945: After liberation from Japanese colonial rule, South Korea reaffirmed sovereignty over Dokdo.

1952 Syngman Rhee Declaration: Asserted maritime sovereignty including Dokdo.

Present Day: Dokdo is administered as part of Ulleung County, Gyeongsangbuk-do, with permanent residents, police presence, and infrastructure—demonstrating effective control.

🌍 International Law

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS): Dokdo qualifies as an island, granting South Korea rights to territorial waters and an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ).

Japan’s 1905 claim: Considered invalid under international law, as Dokdo was already recognized as Korean territory.

✅ Summary

Historical records consistently identify Dokdo as part of Korea since ancient times.

Legal documents like the 1900 Imperial Ordinance explicitly place Dokdo under Korean jurisdiction.

Modern administration shows South Korea’s continuous and effective control.

International law supports Korea’s sovereignty, while Japan’s claim lacks validity.

👉 In short, Dokdo is indisputably Korean territory, supported by history, law, and ongoing governance.

독도

독도가 한국 영토임을 뒷받침하는 근거는 역사적 기록, 국제법적 정당성, 행정적 관할권 행사 등 다방면에서 명확히 존재합니다. 특히 조선시대 문헌과 대한제국 칙령, 광복 이후 대한민국 정부의 실효적 지배가 이를 확증합니다.

📜 역사적 근거

삼국사기(1145), 삼국유사(1285): 신라 지증왕 13년(512년) 이사부 장군이 우산국을 복속시켜 울릉도와 독도를 신라 영토로 편입한 기록.

세종실록 지리지(1454): “울릉도와 독도는 강원도 울진현에 속한다”는 명확한 기록.

동국여지승람(1481), 신증동국여지승람(1531): 독도를 ‘우산도’로 명시하며 울릉도와 함께 조선 영토임을 확인.

안용복 사건(1693, 1696): 일본 관리로부터 울릉도와 독도를 침범하지 않겠다는 약속을 받아낸 사례.

⚖️ 국제법 및 행정적 근거

대한제국 칙령 제41호(1900.10.25): 울릉군 관할 구역에 ‘석도(독도)’를 포함시켜 국가 법령으로 명시.

광복 이후 대한민국 정부 조치:

- 1952년 이승만 대통령의 ‘인접 해양 주권 선언’에서 독도를 대한민국 관할에 포함.

- 독도 의용수비대 활동(1953~1956)으로 일본의 도발에 대응.

현재: 독도는 경상북도 울릉군 독도리에 속하며, 대한민국 정부가 경찰, 주민, 시설 관리 등 실효적 지배를 지속적으로 행사 중.

🌍 국제법적 정당성

유엔해양법협약 제121조: 독도는 자연적으로 형성된 섬으로서 배타적 경제수역(EEZ)을 설정할 권한이 있음.

일본의 1905년 시마네현 편입 고시는 당시 독도가 이미 한국 영토였으므로 국제법적으로 무효.

📌 요약

역사적 문헌: 삼국사기, 세종실록 지리지 등에서 독도를 한국 영토로 기록.

법적 근거: 대한제국 칙령 제41호, 광복 이후 대한민국 정부의 선언과 실효적 지배.

국제법적 정당성: 독도는 섬으로서 EEZ 권한을 가지며 일본의 편입 주장은 무효.

👉 결론적으로, 독도는 역사·법률·국제법·행정적 측면에서 모두 대한민국 영토임이 명백히 입증됩니다.

E-737 & F-15K

Description	대한민국 공군의 공중조기 경보통제기 E-737 피스아이가 F-15K 편대의 호위를 받으며 동해 상공에서 일출을 맞이하고 있다. 공군은 올해 대비태세를 더욱 굳건히 하자는 신년의 각오를 다지기 위해 성일환 공군참모총장이 직접 피스아이에 탑승해 지휘하는 가운데 F-15K와 KF-16 전투기가 조국 영공을 수호하는 초계비행을 펼쳤다. 사진제공 - 권형 중사 ※ 사진은 2012년 12월 26일 촬영하여 자료로 사용하였습니다.
Date	26 December 2012
Source	2013.1.1 대한민국 공군 Rep.of Korea Air Force http://commons.wikimedia.org/
Author	대한민국 국군 Republic of Korea Armed Forces
Camera location	.
Permission	The copyright holder of this work has published it under the following license:
Licensing	This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.0 Generic license. You are free: to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work to remix – to adapt the work Under the following conditions: attribution – You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). share alike – If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one.

From Wikimedia Commons http://commons.wikimedia.org/

F-15K

Description	2008 국방화보 Rep. of Korea, Defense Photo Magazine F-15K 전투기 편대가 마라도 상공을 초계비행하고 있다. ROK AF F-15Ks patrolling over the Marado island
Date	26 December 2006
Source	F-15K 마라도 상공 비행 http://commons.wikimedia.org/
Author	대한민국 국군 Republic of Korea Armed Forces
Camera location	.
Permission	The copyright holder of this work has published it under the following license:
Licensing	This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.0 Generic license. You are free: to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work to remix – to adapt the work Under the following conditions: attribution – You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). share alike – If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one.

From Wikimedia Commons http://commons.wikimedia.org/

통영 거북선

Description	English: Turtleship in Tongyeong in front of Cable Car Station 한국어: 통영 케이블카 앞의 거북선
Date	1 August 2010
Source	http://commons.wikimedia.org/
Author	Asfreeas
Camera location	.
Permission	The copyright holder of this work has published it under the following licenses:
Licensing	This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. You are free: to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work to remix – to adapt the work Under the following conditions: attribution – You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). share alike – If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License. You may select the license of your choice.

From Wikimedia Commons http://commons.wikimedia.org/

Korean Water Deer

Description	English: Korean Water Deer, adult female, photographed on Macha Mountain north of Seoul in Kyonggi Province, Republic of Korea 고라니
Date	5 August 2013
Source	http://commons.wikimedia.org/
Author	Daniel.j.silvia
Camera location	.
Permission	Public Domain
Licensing	The copyright holder of this work has released this work into the public domain. This file is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. The person who associated a work with this deed has dedicated the work to the public domain by waiving all of his or her rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law. You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.

From Wikimedia Commons http://commons.wikimedia.org/

The Statue of Yi Sunsin

Description	English: The Statue of Yi Sunsin, Sejongro, Jongrogu, Seoul, S.Korea
Date	27 August 2011
Source	http://commons.wikimedia.org/
Author	Brücke-Osteuropa
Camera location	.
Permission	Public Domain / CC0 1.0
Licensing	The copyright holder of this work has released this work into the public domain. This file is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. The person who associated a work with this deed has dedicated the work to the public domain by waiving all of his or her rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law. You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.

From Wikimedia Commons http://commons.wikimedia.org/

Jeseugndang (제승당)

Description	English: Jeseugndang is a shrine built to commemorate Admiral Yi Sun-sin on Hansan Island (Hansando), North Gyeongsang province, South Korea where Admiral Yi squashed the Japanese invasive military with the turtle-shaped ship (Turtle ship) during the Imjin War. The battle is referred to as "Battle of Hansan Island" (Hansan daecheop). 한국어: 대한민국 경상남도 통영시 한산도에 위치한 제승당은 이순신 장군의 집무실이 있던 곳으로 사당으로 정비되었다. 임진왜란 중 한산도에서의 전투를 "한산대첩"이라 일컫으며 거북선과 장군의 지략으로 왜군을 격파했다.
Date	4 August 2009
Source	http://commons.wikimedia.org/
Author	Original uploader was Asfreeas at ko.wikipedia
Camera location	.
Permission	CC-BY-SA-3.0; Released under the GNU Free Documentation License.
Licensing	The copyright holder of this work has published it under the following licenses: This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. You are free: to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work to remix – to adapt the work Under the following conditions: attribution – You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). share alike – If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License. You may select the license of your choice.

From Wikimedia Commons http://commons.wikimedia.org/

Chungmu Shrine (Chungmusa)

Description	English: Chungmu Shrine (Chungmusa) built to commemorate Admiral Yi Sun-sin on Hansan Island (Hansando), North Gyeongsang province, South Korea where Admiral Yi squashed the Japanese invasive military with the turtle-shaped ship (Turtle ship) during the Imjin War. The battle is referred to as "Battle of Hansan Island" (Hansan daecheop). 한국어: 대한민국 경상남도 통영시 한산도에 위치한 충무사는 이순신 장군의 업적과 수훈을 기려 세운 사당이다. 임진왜란 중 이곳에서의 전쟁을 "한산대첩"이라 일컫으며 거북선과 장군의 지략으로 왜군을 격파했다.
Date	4 August 2009
Source	Transferred from ko.wikipedia; transferred to Commons by User:Caspian blue using CommonsHelper. http://commons.wikimedia.org/
Author	Asfreeas
Camera location	.
Permission	CC-BY-SA-3.0; Released under the GNU Free Documentation License.
Licensing	The copyright holder of this work has published it under the following licenses: Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License. This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. Attribution: Asfreeas at ko.wikipedia You are free: to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work to remix – to adapt the work Under the following conditions: attribution – You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). share alike – If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one. You may select the license of your choice.

From Wikimedia Commons http://commons.wikimedia.org/

백령도 해당화(海棠花)

Description	English: Baengnyeong Island - Korea’s northernmost point in the Yellow Sea. 한국어: 한국의 보석, 백령도. 대한민국 최북단 섬 - 백령도 해당화(海棠花)
Date	15 June 2013
Source	Korea_Island_Baengnyeongdo20 http://commons.wikimedia.org/
Author	English: Korea.net / Korean Culture and Information Service (Jeon Han) 한국어: 코리아넷 / 해외문화홍보원 (전한)
Camera location	.
Permission	The copyright holder of this work has published it under the following licenses:
Licensing	In short: you are free to modify the file as long as you attribute Korea.net / Korean Culture and Information Service (Photographer name) and distribute it under the same licence. This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.0 Generic license. Attribution: Korea.net / Korean Culture and Information Service (Photographer name) You are free: to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work to remix – to adapt the work Under the following conditions: attribution – You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). share alike – If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one.

From Wikimedia Commons http://commons.wikimedia.org/

여수 밤바다 (돌산대교)

Description	Night View of Dolsan Bridge, Yeosu, Korea 여수 밤바다 (돌산대교)
Date	8 June 2004
Source	Dolsan Bridge http://commons.wikimedia.org/
Author	Doo-ho Kim from Seoul, Republic of Korea
Camera location	.
Permission	The copyright holder of this work has published it under the following license:
Licensing	This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.0 Generic license. You are free: to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work to remix – to adapt the work Under the following conditions: attribution – You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). share alike – If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one.

From Wikimedia Commons http://commons.wikimedia.org/

오죽헌 (Ojukheon)

Description	Korean: 강릉 오죽헌(烏竹軒) English: Ojukheon House
Date	16 October 2007 (original upload date)
Source	en.wikipedia http://commons.wikimedia.org/
Author	Original uploader was Klaus314 at en.wikipedia
Permission	Public Domain
Licensing	This work has been released into the public domain by its author.

From Wikimedia Commons http://commons.wikimedia.org/

The Dokdo Lighthouse, Dokdo, Korea

The Dokdo Lighthouse, Dokdo, Korea

대한민국 독도 등대

The Dokdo Lighthouse, Dokdo, Korea | 출처 : 경상북도

Description	English: The Dokdo Lighthouse, Dokdo, Korea 대한민국 독도 등대
Date	Jan 7, 2015
Source	경상북도 사이버 독도 (http://www.dokdo.go.kr/)
Author	경상북도
Camera location	.
Permission	독도무료배부사진
Licensing	경상북도 사이버 독도 (http://www.dokdo.go.kr/) 독도무료배부사진 게시판의 사진은 경상북도에서 독도홍보를 위해 제작한 사진으로 대한민국 국민 및 해외동포분들은 다운로드 받아 사용하셔도 무방합니다. 단, 사진하단에 있는 출처를 꼭 밝히시고 사용해 주시기 바랍니다.

이 포스팅은 조건 부합시 게시 또는 배포가 가능한 사진들을 모아놓은 곳이며, 해당 사진에 대한 저작권이나 기타 관련 권리를 보유하지 않고 있습니다. 출처는 이곳이 아니며, 위 설명에 언급된 곳(http://www.dokdo.go.kr/)을 직접 참조하시기 바랍니다.

From 경상북도 사이버 독도 (http://www.dokdo.go.kr/)

Dokdo, Korea

출처 : 김종권

Description	English: Dokdo, Korea 독도
Date	Jan 7, 2015
Source	경상북도 사이버 독도 (http://www.dokdo.go.kr/)
Author	김종권
Camera location	.
Permission	무료배부사진
Licensing	경상북도 사이버 독도 (http://www.dokdo.go.kr/)의 사진은 경상북도에서 독도홍보를 위해 제작한 사진으로 대한민국 국민 및 해외동포분들은 다운로드 받아 사용하셔도 무방합니다. 단, 사진하단에 있는 출처를 꼭 밝히시고 사용해 주시기 바랍니다.

From 경상북도 사이버 독도 (http://www.dokdo.go.kr/)

Larus crassirostris, Dokdo, Korea (독도 괭이갈매기)

독도 괭이갈매기 (Larus crassirostris, Dokdo, Korea)

출처 : 경상북도

Description	English: Larus crassirostris, Dokdo, Korea 독도 괭이갈매기(Larus crassirostris)
Date	Jan 7, 2015
Source	경상북도 사이버 독도 (http://www.dokdo.go.kr/)
Author	경상북도
Camera location	.
Permission	독도무료배부사진
Licensing	경상북도 사이버 독도 (http://www.dokdo.go.kr/) 독도무료배부사진 게시판의 사진은 경상북도에서 독도홍보를 위해 제작한 사진으로 대한민국 국민 및 해외동포분들은 다운로드 받아 사용하셔도 무방합니다. 단, 사진하단에 있는 출처를 꼭 밝히시고 사용해 주시기 바랍니다.

From 경상북도 사이버 독도 (http://www.dokdo.go.kr/)

Dokdo, Islander

If you call Dokdo Takeshima, the island must not look so beautiful.

- Islander

독도를 다케시마라고 부를 경우, 그 섬은 그렇게 아름답게 느껴지지 않을 겁니다.

- 무명씨

흑산도

Description	Heuksando Island is an island in the Yellow Sea located off 97.2km from the southwest coast of Mokpo, Jeollanam-do, South Korea. 흑산도
Date	28 April 2008
Source	originally posted to Flickr as IMG_9530 http://commons.wikimedia.org/
Author	Gaël Chardon
Camera location	.
Permission	The copyright holder of this work has published it under the following license:
Licensing	This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.0 Generic license. You are free: to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work to remix – to adapt the work Under the following conditions: attribution – You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). share alike – If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one.

From Wikimedia Commons http://commons.wikimedia.org/

Dokdo, Islander

Yon don't know the whole truth. If you only have half the page.

- Anonymous, Ads

만약 반 페이지만 갖고 있다면, 당신은 진실을 알지 못합니다.

- 무명씨, 광고 시안 中

독도 독립문 바위 (Dokdo, Korea)

출처 : 경상북도

Description	English: Dokdo, Korea 독도 독립문 바위
Date	Jan 7, 2015
Source	경상북도 사이버 독도 (http://www.dokdo.go.kr/)
Author	경상북도
Camera location	.
Permission	독도무료배부사진
Licensing	경상북도 사이버 독도 (http://www.dokdo.go.kr/)의 사진은 경상북도에서 독도홍보를 위해 제작한 사진으로 대한민국 국민 및 해외동포분들은 다운로드 받아 사용하셔도 무방합니다. 단, 사진하단에 있는 출처를 꼭 밝히시고 사용해 주시기 바랍니다.

From 경상북도 사이버 독도 (http://www.dokdo.go.kr/)

천지연계곡 (Cheonjiyeon Valley)

Description	English: Cheonjiyeon Valley 한국어: 천지연계곡 日本語: 天地淵渓谷
Date	English: 1 March 2014 日本語: 2014年3月1日
Source	Own work http://commons.wikimedia.org/
Author	English: Abasaa 日本語: あばさー
Permission	Public Domain
Licensing	The copyright holder of this work released this work into the public domain.

From Wikimedia Commons http://commons.wikimedia.org/

Okbong Cathedral in Jinju, Korea

Description	한국어: 진주 옥봉성당, 등록문화재 제154호. 1933년 건립 English: Okbong Cathedral in Jinju, Registered Cultural Heritage No. 154. Built in 1933
Date	8 December 2013, 12:48:45
Source	Own work
Author	Grampus
Licensing	This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license.

From Wikimedia Commons

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천지연계곡 (Cheonjiyeon Valley)

Okbong Cathedral in Jinju, Korea

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